This webpage from OpenAI discusses the development and capabilities of Sora, a large-scale model trained to generate video content. Sora leverages a transformer architecture to operate on spacetime patches of video and image latent codes, creating high fidelity video up to a minute long. It can handle videos and images with diverse durations, aspect ratios, and resolutions. The model transforms visual data into patches, similar to how large language models use tokens. This approach makes it highly scalable for training on various types of videos and images. Videos are compressed into a lower-dimensional latent space and then broken down into spacetime patches. Sora is a diffusion model trained to predict original "clean" patches from noisy input patches. It can be trained on videos of their native size, which enhances framing and composition, and allows the model to create content for different devices at their native aspect ratios. The model also incorporates language understanding by training on highly descriptive video captions, which improves the overall video quality. It can be prompted with text or with pre-existing images or videos, enabling a wide range of image and video editing tasks. The article notes that as Sora is scaled up, it shows emergent capabilities, such as 3D consistency, long-range coherence, object permanence, and the ability to simulate actions that affect the world state. Despite these promising results, the model does have limitations, such as inaccuracies in modelling physical interactions. The authors conclude that continued scaling of video models like Sora is a promising path towards developing capable simulators of the physical and digital world.

The New York Times opinion piece, "Moral Hazard Has No Place in Addiction Treatment" by Maia Szalavitz, discusses the idea of 'moral hazard' in the context of drug addiction treatment. Szalavitz argues against the belief that providing lifesaving measures, such as naloxone to reverse opioid overdoses, encourages reckless behavior and perpetuates addiction, a concept termed as moral hazard. She emphasizes that despite the prevalence of this concept in addiction debates, evidence does not support any significant moral hazard effect. Szalavitz highlights the flaws in studies that claim harm reduction increases overdose deaths and underlines the importance of understanding the real behavior of people with addiction. The author suggests that the more educated people are about addiction, the less likely they are to endorse moral hazard arguments. She concludes by stating that the concept of moral hazard may be applicable in financial contexts, but should not be used as a reason to withhold lifesaving treatments in the realm of addiction.