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Question: ‘Attending/Attention’ is one of the six stages in the listening process. In your own words, list three things you would do during this listening process. 3 Marks 2 Mention three purposes for listening. 3 Marks 3 In four sentences, explain in your own words four features that distinguish discriminative listening from comprehensive listening. 4 Marks 4 Language is a system that uses arbitrary vocal symbols (Bloch & Trager, 1942). List five parts of the human body that people use to produce language. 5 Marks 5 List two goals of post reading activities. 2 Ma
Sure, let's break this down: ### 1. Attending/Attention Stage in the Listening Process: During the attending/attention stage, three things I would do are: - **Eliminate Distractions:** I would remove or minimize any distractions in my environment to focus fully on the speaker. - **Use Non-Verbal Cues:** I would use non-verbal signals, like nodding or maintaining eye contact, to show the speaker that I am engaged and paying attention. - **Mentally Summarize:** I would mentally summarize key points of what the speaker is saying to ensure I am understanding and retaining the information being communicated. ### 2. Three Purposes for Listening: The three purposes for listening include: - **To Understand:** Listening to comprehend and process the information being conveyed. - **To Learn:** Listening to gain new knowledge, skills, or insights from the speaker. - **To Enjoy:** Listening for pleasure, such as when enjoying music, a story, or an engaging conversation. ### 3. Distinguishing Features Between Discriminative and Comprehensive Listening: Discriminative and comprehensive listening differ in several ways: - **Objective:** Discriminative listening is about identifying and distinguishing between different sounds and non-verbal cues, whereas comprehensive listening focuses on understanding the meaning of the words and the message being conveyed. - **Focus:** Discriminative listening is more concerned with tone, pitch, and other auditory signals, while comprehensive listening emphasizes grasping the content, context, and nuances of the language used. - **Example:** Discriminative listening might involve recognizing someone's emotional state just from their tone of voice, while comprehensive listening involves following along with and understanding a detailed lecture. - **Complexity:** Comprehensive listening often requires higher cognitive processing and contextual knowledge to fully understand the speaker, whereas discriminative listening is more immediate and instinctive. ### 4. Five Parts of the Human Body Used to Produce Language: The five parts of the human body that people use to produce language include: - **Larynx (Voice Box):** Produces sound through the vibration of the vocal cords. - **Tongue:** Shapes sounds into distinct vowels and consonants. - **Lips:** Help to articulate sounds and can modify the shape of the sounds produced. - **Teeth:** Assist in articulating certain sounds, such as 't' and 'd'. - **Diaphragm:** Plays a crucial role in controlling breath which supports vocal strength and stability. ### 5. Two Goals of Post-Reading Activities: Two goals of post-reading activities are: - **Reinforcement:** To reinforce and consolidate what has been learned from the reading material, ensuring comprehension and retention. - **Critical Thinking:** To encourage critical thinking by having readers analyze, interpret, and form opinions about the content, thereby deepening their understanding and engagement with the material.
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