**Scanning and Summarizing Techniques**

**Scanning Technique:** Scanning is a reading technique where learners quickly look through the text to find specific information or keywords without reading everything word for word. When introducing scanning to foundation or intermediate phase learners, I would start by explaining that scanning helps us locate important words, phrases, or ideas in a poem, such as the title, repeated words, or anything that stands out visually. For example, I might provide the poem and ask learners to find all the words that describe emotions or nature in the poem. I would guide them by modeling the process: first looking at the poem as a whole, then going line by line to spot key terms. This technique is useful because it helps learners become comfortable with the layout and language of poetry, improves their attention to detail, and prepares them for deeper analysis. By practicing scanning, learners start to notice patterns, poetic devices, and themes, which supports their overall comprehension and enjoyment of poetry. **Summarizing Technique:** Summarizing involves condensing the main ideas of a text into a few sentences using your own words. To teach this technique with a poem, I would first read the poem aloud with the learners, making sure everyone understands the literal meaning of each line. I’d explain that summarizing means finding the most important points and expressing them briefly. Using guided questions such as “What is the poem mainly about?” or “How does the poem make us feel?” I would encourage learners to pick out the central theme, mood, and message. We could also create a group summary, where every learner contributes one idea, and together we combine these into a short paragraph. This technique is important because it develops learners’ ability to identify key ideas, communicate them clearly, and fosters critical thinking about the poem’s meaning. Summarizing helps learners remember what they read and provides a foundation for more advanced literary discussions.