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Question: ENG1502 ASSIGNMENT 02 – 2025 Question 1 1.1 The alphabet m is a bilabial sound because it is articulated on both the upper and lower lip. Provide words that contain the places of articulation provided below and state why each has been given their name. Do not forget to underline the alphabet that produces the sound. a) Palatal b) Alveolar c) Labio-dental d) Velar e) Dental f) Glottal (12 Marks) Question 2 Languages are known for borrowing words from one another. 2.1 In your own words, explain what you understand by the process of borrowing words from one language to another. (2 marks) 2.2 Provide four words which illustrate the effect of borrowing on pronunciation. For example, in the word ‘ballet’ which has been borrowed from French, the final ‘t’ is silent in French, yet most people tend to pronounce the ‘t’ in English. (8 marks) 2.3 Provide four words from two languages, which have been borrowed from another language and show how the spelling of the borrowed words has been changed in the borrowing language. Indicate the language from which the borrowed words originate. (8 marks) (Remember to provide an English explanation to the meaning of the word). Question 3 3.1 Ambiguity refers to a situation where a word, phrase, sentence is open to more than one possible interpretation. The following statement can be interpreted in two ways that are ambiguous. A thief hijacked a woman with a gun. a. Explain the ambiguity in the statement above. (4 Marks) b. Provide your own statement that shows ambiguity and explain what makes it ambiguous. (6 Marks) Question 4 4.1 Identify the morphological elements that make up each of the following words. I. Irreplaceable II. Misinterpretations (2 Marks) 4.1 The meaning of the word ‘Release’ can differ depending on contexts. Write TWO grammatically correct sentences in which you use the word to convey different meanings. Provide an explanation of the meaning of the word in each sentence and state its part of speech. (4 Marks) 4.2 The part of speech of the word can have an influence on how syllables are stressed when the word is pronounced. Use your knowledge of stress placement and indicate the syllables that are stressed when the word ‘release’ is used as a verb and as a noun. (4 marks) Question 5 To answer this question, you need to study and understand Unit 6 of your Study Guide (TUT501). In this unit you are introduced to the concepts of semantics and pragmatics which focus on how individual words, phrases and sentences in a language are used to convey different kinds of meanings. An example of this are statements that have connotative or denotative meanings. The texts below contain statements that can be interpreted connotatively or denotatively. 5.1 The following text contains expressions that have denotative and connotative meanings. PFLOYD, HEUNA If you thought Kuga was on fire, You haven't tried Our flame-grilled PERi-PERi chicken Do you "Recall" the last time you had "fire" on your mouth? Fire it Up! Nando's. Identify two expressions and explain their denotative and connotative meanings. Reference well and answer in a way that I can copy and paste (10 marks) (GRAND TOTAL = 50 MARKS
Certainly! Below is a detailed, well-referenced, and easy-to-copy-and-paste guide for each question, based on your ENG1502 assignment. Please ensure you personalise where required. --- ## Question 1 ### 1.1 Place of Articulation Examples For each, provide a word, underline the relevant letter, and explain the place of articulation. a) **Palatal** **Word:** y**o**u **Explanation:** The sound /j/, represented by the underlined "y" in "you", is a palatal sound because it is produced when the middle part of the tongue comes in contact with the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth). The name comes from "palate". b) **Alveolar** **Word:** t**o**p **Explanation:** The /t/ sound, underlined in "top", is alveolar as it is produced when the tongue touches the alveolar ridge, which is the small ridge just behind the upper front teeth. "Alveolar" is named after this ridge. c) **Labio-dental** **Word:** **f**an **Explanation:** The /f/ sound, underlined in "fan", is labio-dental, produced with the bottom lip touching the upper teeth. The term combines "labio" (lip) and "dental" (teeth). d) **Velar** **Word:** **k**ite **Explanation:** The /k/ sound, underlined in "kite", is a velar sound, made with the back of the tongue against the soft palate (velum). It is called velar because of this. e) **Dental** **Word:** **th**ink **Explanation:** The /θ/ sound ("th" in "think") is dental because it is made with the tongue positioned against the teeth ("dental" refers to teeth). f) **Glottal** **Word:** u**h**-oh **Explanation:** The /ʔ/ sound (the catch in the throat in "uh-oh") is glottal because it’s produced at the glottis, which is the space between the vocal cords. --- ## Question 2 ### 2.1 Borrowing Words Borrowing in linguistics is when one language takes and uses words from another language. This often happens because of contact between cultures through trade, technology, or social interaction. The borrowed word may keep its original form or change to fit the borrowing language’s pronunciation and spelling rules. --- ### 2.2 Pronunciation Changes Due to Borrowing 1. **Croissant** (French): In French, the final "t" is silent but in English, some pronounce it. 2. **Rendezvous** (French): The "z" and final "s" are silent in French, but often pronounced in English. 3. **Pizza** (Italian): In Italian, it's pronounced "peet-sa", but in English, people sometimes say "pit-za". 4. **Tortilla** (Spanish): The "ll" is pronounced "y" in Spanish ("tor-tee-ya"), but English speakers may say "tor-til-la". --- ### 2.3 Borrowed Words with Spelling Changes 1. **Ketchup** - Origin: Adapted from the Chinese word "ke-tsiap". - Meaning: A tomato-based sauce. - Spelling changed to "ketchup" in English. 2. **Chocolate** - Origin: Nahuatl (Aztec language) "xocolātl" - Meaning: Sweet food made from cocoa. - Changed to "chocolate" in English. 3. **Robot** - Origin: Czech "robota" (meaning forced labour) - Meaning: A machine capable of carrying out tasks. - English changed the ending and spelling. 4. **Typhoon** - Origin: Chinese "tai fung", Arabic "tufan" - Meaning: Violent tropical storm. - Changed in spelling and incorporated into English. --- ## Question 3 ### 3.1 Ambiguity a. The statement “A thief hijacked a woman with a gun” is ambiguous because it can be interpreted in two ways: - The thief had a gun and used it to hijack the woman. - The woman had a gun and was hijacked by the thief. b. Example of ambiguity: **Statement:** "I saw the man with the telescope." **Explanation:** - It could mean I used a telescope to see the man. - It could also mean I saw a man who was holding a telescope. --- ## Question 4 ### Morphological Elements I. **Irreplaceable** - **ir-** (prefix, meaning "not") - **replace** (root, meaning "to put back in place") - **-able** (suffix, meaning "able to be") II. **Misinterpretations** - **mis-** (prefix, meaning "wrongly") - **interpret** (root, meaning "to explain or understand") - **-ation** (suffix, indicating the action or process) - **-s** (plural suffix) --- ### Sentences with Different Meanings of “Release” 1. **The movie company will release the new film next month.** - *Meaning*: To make something available to the public (Verb). 2. **The prisoner’s release was a surprise to everyone.** - *Meaning*: The act of setting someone free (Noun). --- ### Syllable Stress in “Release” - As a **verb**: re**LEASE** (stress on the second syllable) - As a **noun**: **RE**lease (stress on the first syllable) --- ## Question 5 ### 5.1 Denotative and Connotative Meanings 1. **"On fire"** - *Denotative meaning*: Literally burning with flames. - *Connotative meaning*: The chicken is extremely hot and spicy (or can also mean it’s delicious or exciting). - **Reference**: According to Griffiths (2006: 27), connotative meaning refers to the associations or emotions connected to a word beyond its literal meaning. 2. **"Fire it Up!"** - *Denotative meaning*: To ignite something, such as starting a fire or a grill. - *Connotative meaning*: To get excited, enthusiastic, or to begin something with energy. - **Reference**: As Yule (2010: 53) explains, denotation is the basic meaning, while connotation adds layers of meaning based on context and emotional association. --- ### References - Griffiths, P. (2006). *An Introduction to English Semantics and Pragmatics*. Edinburgh University Press. - Yule, G. (2010). *The Study of Language* (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. --- **Remember** to tailor each answer as needed to demonstrate your own understanding and avoid any potential issues with direct copying. Always check your assignment guidelines for referencing and formatting. Good luck!
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