1. Keeping Separate: Correct Answer 2. Matching Theorists to Concepts: Answers Vary 3. Correct and Incorrect Statements 4. Correct Statements: i, iii, and iv 5. Play-Based Approach for Holistic C

Question: Choose the correct answer only Question 1 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The Afrikaans word “apartheid” means ________ a. democracy. b. to maintain close relations. c. to keep separate. d. colonisation. Question 2 Not yet answered Marked out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Match the theorists with their concepts. Maria Montessori Answer 1 Choose... Jean Piaget Answer 2 Choose... Lev Vygotsky Answer 3 Choose... Reggio Emilia Answer 4 Choose... Question 3 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Below are two statements, one labelled as a statement (S) and the other labelled as an explanation (E). Statement (S): In all societies, parents and adults have views on what the child is, how and why the child develops, how to evaluate the child’s development and what the final stage of this development is or should be (Sall & Nsamenang, 2011). Explanation (E): The view that parents have about children’s development is an example of Africanisation. Select one: a. S is incorrect but E is correct. b. Both S and E are incorrect. c. S is correct but E is incorrect. d. Both S and E are correct. Question 4 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text In discussing how children organise information, Piaget refers to the processes of equilibrium and disequilibrium. In view of this statement, which of the following definitions are correct? i. Equilibrium refers to the child’s initial understanding of a concept. ii. Disequilibrium refers to the child’s initial understanding of a concept. iii. Disequilibrium refers to the child’s shifting understanding of a concept as new information is being presented. vi. Equilibrium refers to the child’s understanding once new information has been accepted and accommodated. Select one: a. Only iv is correct. b. Only i, iii and iv are correct. c. Only i and iii are correct. d. Only ii and iv are correct. Question 5 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following is considered a key characteristic of high-quality early childhood education? a. Rote memorisation of facts and figures b. A structured curriculum that focuses on academic subjects only c. A play-based approach that supports holistic child development d. All of the options are correct. Question 6 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Research evidence indicates that children growing up in poverty have a higher likelihood of reduced executive functioning skills compared to their counterparts from relatively more affluent families. In this context, the term “executive functions” refers to ______. Select one: a. bodily-kinaesthetic skills. b. language and mathematical skills. c. skills of reasoning and comprehension. d. planning and self-regulatory skills. Question 7 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which one of the following is not an important factor in providing high-quality education? a. Teacher qualifications b. The size of the school c. Teacher-learner ratio (class size) d. Availability of teaching resources Question 8 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The difference between a teacher-centred approach and a child-centred approach includes the following: i. A teacher-centred approach sees the child as a passive receiver of knowledge, while a child-centred approach sees the child as a co-constructor of knowledge. ii. A teacher-centred approach sees the child as having agency, while a child-centred approach sees the child as dependent on the teacher and without agency. iii. A teacher-centred approach sees the teacher as the embodiment of knowledge, while a child-centred approach sees the teacher as a facilitator of learning. Select one: A. All of the options are correct B. Only ii is correct. C. Only i and iii are correct. D. Only i is correct. Question 9 Not yet answered Marked out of 6.00 Flag question Question text Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions. Indigenous knowledge Answer 1 Choose... Curriculum Answer 2 Choose... Educational transformation Answer 3 Choose... Ubuntu Answer 4 Choose... Experiential learning Answer 5 Choose... School governing body (SGB) Answer 6 Choose... Question 10 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The difference between what a child can do without help and what they can do with guidance and encouragement from an adult or a more capable peer is known as ________. a. cognitive load theory b. caring peer assistance c. zone of proximal development d. constructivist learning approach Question 11 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which one of the following statements best describes the concept of scaffolding in Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory? Select one: a. Offering temporary support and guidance to help learners develop new skills, gradually reducing assistance as competence increases b. Encouraging learners to work independently to solve problems without external help c. Adopting a one-size-fits-all approach to teaching where all children receive the same level of support, irrespective of their individual needs d. Providing learners with a set of instructions to follow when solving problems independently Question 12 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Below is a picture of real tools and objects that young children can use during play. Which pioneer of ECE believed that youg children should be allowed to use real objects and tools? The image shows real tools like a hammer, screwdrivers, clamps, metal measuring tape, gloves etc., Select one: A. Maria Montessori B. Jean Piaget C. Friedrich Froebel D. Lev Vygotsky Question 13 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following theorists proposed that children develop through four stages? a. Jerome Bruner b. Jean Piaget c. Urie Bronfenbrenner d. Lev Vygotsky Question 14 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Read the statement below and choose the correct interpretation. During apartheid, townships were poorly designed reservoirs of cheap labour, and crime-ridden places that were generally poor and far from the economic hub of a city. a. All of the options are correct. b. Children who grow up in townships today may still be exposed to certain developmental risk factors, such as poverty and crime. c. Townships are part of the legacy of apartheid in South Africa, which still influences the upbringing and education of young children. d. Young children were raised in a risky environment that could compromise their wellbeing. Question 15 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The ability to show compassion and humaneness so that we do not place our personal interests and desires ahead of the needs of society is known as_____. Select one: a. Affection b. Ubuntu c. Kindness d. Africanisation Question 16 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which one of the following statements does not describe parental ethno-theories? a. Parents’ level of education influences their involvement in their children’s schooling. b. Parents generally have views on what the child is, how and why the child develops, how to evaluate the child’s development, and what the final stage of this development is. c. African parents generally allow older children to take care of younger siblings, demonstrating that parents see children as nurturing and responsible. d. Parents not only want their children to excel in academic work, but they also want their children to be respectful and cooperate with adults and their peers. Question 17 Not yet answered Marked out of 2.00 Flag question Question text Below are two statements, one labelled as a statement (S) and the other labelled as an explanation (E). Statement (S): One of the historical factors that contributed to the growth of ECE was the Industrial Revolution. Explanation (E): The Industrial Revolution created new employment opportunities. Employed parents needed a place that provided care and early learning for their children. Select one: a. S is incorrect but E is correct. b. S is correct but E is not a correct interpretation of S. c. S is correct but E is incorrect. d. S is correct and E is a correct interpretation of S. Question 18 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The impact of apartheid on formal education was _____. i. the introduction of a new education system that benefitted all children irrespective of their backgrounds. ii. the promotion of quality education for all children in South Africa. iii. the separation of education facilities and services along racial lines. a. Only iii is correct. b. Only i and iii are correct. c. Only i and ii are correct. d. Only iv is correct. Question 19 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The Group Areas Act of 1950 resulted in the creation of “townships” which were poor and far from the economic hubs of the cities. Which of the following statements is/are correct about the implications of the Group Areas Act on working black parents? i. Parents left home very early in the morning and came back home very late. ii. Parents spent very little time with their children. iii. Some parents had to live closer to their workplaces and away from their children because it was too far to commute daily. iv. Parents spent a lot of time with their children. Select one: a. Only i, ii and iv are correct. b. Only i, ii and iii are correct. c. Only i and ii are correct. d. All four statements are correct. Question 20 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which one of the following actions best aligns with the principles of protecting and fulfilling children’s rights? Select one: a. Treating all children equally without considering their unique needs or disabilities b. Allowing women to participate in the job market because their children are in a safe environment that provides educational stimulation c. Providing an environment that supports the development of children and respects their individual rights, including protecting them from discrimination d. All of the options are correct. Question 21 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Interpret the following diagram in relation to the role of the school, family and community in child development. The image shows a venn diagrame with three overlapping cirlcles labelled child development, home, school, community. Select one: A. Home and community are the child’s first educators before the child starts schooling. B. All of the options are correct. C. School plays the biggest role in supporting a child’s development. D. A child’s development is largely influenced by what happens at home, school and in the community. Question 22 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text What was the major economic sector in South Africa during the 17th century? a. Mining b. Manufacturing c. Hunting and gathering d. Agriculture and farming Question 23 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following is considered a key element of quality Early Childhood Education (ECE) practice? a. Teacher qualifications b. Reducing time for extracurricular activities and focus more on academic subjects c. Providing a one-size-fits-all curriculum d. Adherence to traditional teaching methods Question 24 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following is not considered one of the benefits of early childhood education? Select one: A. Lays the foundation for future learning and cognitive growth B. Enhances parental involvement in education C. Improves children’s education outcomes D. Provides readiness for formal schooling Question 25 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Read the excerpt below and answer the question that follows. Excerpt The history of ECE has tended to prioritise Western perspectives while ignoring African perspectives. However, Africa is a vast continent full of rich indigenous knowledge systems (IKS). The IKS constitute a form of education that includes context-specific cultural practices, skills, attitudes and values regarding ECE that are embedded in diverse, contextually based philosophies and practices (Awopegba, Oduolowu & Nsamenan, 2013). Which transformation process does this excerpt promote? i. Africanisation ii. Institutionalisation iii. Globalisation iv. Decolonised education Select one: A. Only i and iii are correct. B. Only iv is correct. C. iii and iv are correct. D. Only i and iv are correct. Question 26 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text When was the South African Schools Act passed, which aimed to reform the education system post-apartheid? a. 2001 b. 1990 c. 1980 d. 1996 Question 27 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Read the statement below and answer the question that follows. The curriculum is not just about a teacher being guided by documents, but also the question of implementation, whether or not the teacher agrees with the curriculum, and the unconscious messages he or she conveys to the learners. In the statement, the “unconscious messages” that a teacher conveys to the learners are known as the ________ a. informal curriculum b. internal curriculum c. null curriculum d. hidden curriculum Question 28 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Read the statement below and choose the correct interpretation from the statements that follow. In the 1980s, the De Lange Commission made the apartheid government recognise the importance of preschool education, but it was in theory only. The phrase “but it was in theory only” means_____ a. the apartheid government thought preschool education only focused on theory, neglecting practical skills. b. the apartheid government did not have adequate resources to implement preschool education. c. the apartheid government disagreed with the findings of the De Lange Commission. d. the actions of the apartheid government did not show commitment to preschool education. Question 29 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Why is it important for teachers to follow the prescribed curriculum in their teaching? a. It reduces the need for teachers to collaborate since all the teachers are following the same curriculum. b. It ensures that teachers have a measurable plan for delivering quality education. c. It ensures that all the children in the country are taught the same curriculum, which means that they all receive the same quality of education. d. It helps the teacher to plan lessons without the need for many/additional resources. Question 30 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text How were children educated in South African indigenous cultures before the ECD movement? Select one: a. Children were educated in formal schools run by missionaries and religious leaders. b. Education was focused only on religious teachings and was separate from everyday life experiences. c. The care and education of children was primarily the responsibility of the nuclear family, with extended family members also playing a role. d. Children learned through formalised classroom settings, focusing on reading, writing, and arithmetic. Question 31 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which one of the following is the benefit of a play-based approach to learning? a. It requires children to follow strict guidelines and rules. b. It prioritises teacher-centred instruction over student-driven learning. c. It fosters essential life skills, such as problem-solving, creative thinking, and social skills. d. It focuses primarily on rote memorisation of facts. Question 32 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text ECD in South Africa encompasses policies and services for children of which age group? a. Three to seven years b. Birth to six years c. Birth to nine years d. Five to nine years Question 33 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements is a characteristic of the CAPS curriculum? a. It does not provide guidelines on how to be inclusive in teaching and learning. b. It discourages the use of assessment strategies not included in the CAPS document. c. It provides detailed termly and weekly outlines, including specific teaching times and resources. d. It allows teachers complete flexibility in terms of instructional time and content. Question 34 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Below are two statements, one labelled as a statement (S) and the other labelled as an explanation (E). Statement (S): During a child-directed play, the child decides what he or she wants to play and how to play. Explanation (E): This means that the teacher has no role to play whatsoever during child-directed play. Select one: a. S is correct but E is incorrect. b. Both S and E are correct, and E is a correct explanation of S. c. S is incorrect but E is correct. d. Both S and E are correct, but E is not a correct explanation of S. Question 35 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Below are two statements, one labelled as a statement (S) and the other labelled as an explanation (E). Statement (S): Africanisation is a renewed focus on Africa with a view to salvaging what was stripped away during colonisation. Explanation (E): This suggests that we should replace Western perspectives from our education system with purely African perspectives that were stripped away. Select one: a. S is correct but E is incorrect. b. Both S and E are incorrect. c. Both S and E are correct. d. S is incorrect but E is correct. Question 36 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, which of the following systems represents a child’s immediate environments, such as the family, school, and peer group? Select one: a. Microsystem b. Macrosystem c. Exosystem d. Mesosystem Question 37 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements best describes the concept of holistic child development? a. Focusing on children’s academic performance b. Fostering the development of a child by addressing the cognitive, emotional, social, physical, and moral development in an integrated manner c. Prioritising the children’s physical development over other aspects of growth such as cognitive and emotional development d. Developing children’s skills separately without integrating them Question 38 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Below are two statements, one labelled as a statement (S) and the other labelled as an explanation (E). Statement (S): At the heart of Africanisation is the need for relevance, cultural sensitivity and the reversal of past wrongs. Explanation (E): The curriculum should give prominence to African indigenous knowledge and African ways of knowing that were previously marginalised. Select one: a. Both S and E are correct, and E is a correct explanation of S. b. S is correct but E is incorrect. c. Both S and E are correct, but E is not a correct explanation of S. d. S is incorrect but E is correct. Question 39 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The term “educare” encompasses the following: i. A safe place for learning ii. A safe place for nurturing. iii. A place that supports holistic child development. Select one: a. Only i and ii are correct. b. Only ii and iii are correct. c. All of the options are correct. d. Only i is correct. Question 40 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Below are two statements, one labelled as a statement (S) and the other labelled as an explanation (E). Statement (S): In all societies, parents and adults have views on what the child is, how and why the child develops, how to evaluate the child’s development and what the final stage of this development is or should be (Sall & Nsamenang, 2011). Explanation (E): The view that parents have about children’s development is an example of Africanisation. Select one: a. Both S and E are correct. b. S is incorrect but E is correct. c. S is correct but E is incorrect. d. Both S and E are incorrect. Question 41 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements best reflects the historical context and evolution of the Early Childhood Education (ECE) curriculum in South Africa? Select one: a. Both the apartheid-era and post-apartheid curricula were grounded in the principles of equity and social justice, ensuring that all children were treated equally, regardless of their backgrounds. b. None of the options are correct. c. The curriculum before democracy in South Africa was focused on promoting equity, social justice, and the inclusion of indigenous knowledge, while the post-apartheid curriculum was grounded in Western values and ideologies. d. South Africa’s pre-democratic curriculum was largely based on the inclusion of indigenous knowledge, while post-apartheid curriculum reforms focused solely on Western educational ideologies.